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  1. Browse decks
  2. Pattern Recognition (COMP 5013)
  3. What Statistical Learning Is
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Pattern Recognition (COMP 5013)

COMP 5013 at Lakehead, built from the course textbook (An Introduction to Statistical Learning with Python): regression, classification, resampling, regularization, splines and GAMs, trees, SVMs, neural networks, PCA and clustering, plus the Python used in the labs and the mixture and ICA material from the course outline.

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What Statistical Learning Is

ISLP section 2.1: the model Y = f(X) + ε, why we estimate f (prediction or inference), parametric and non-parametric methods, the flexibility and interpretability trade-off, and the main kinds of learning problem.

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Content

35 total questions

MCQ: 12
Fill-in: 9
Flashcards: 14
What Statistical Learning Is – Flashcards
Flashcards

Card #1

In ISLP's general model Y = f(X) + ε, what does f stand for?

Card #2

What two assumptions does ISLP make about the error term ε in Y = f(X) + ε?

Card #3

Reducible error

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What Statistical Learning Is – MCQ
Multiple Choice Questions
  1. 1. A company wants to identify which people are likely to respond positively to a mailing, using demographic variables. It does not care how each variable relates to the response. Which kind of modelling is this?

    • Inference, because the company wants to understand how demographics relate to responding
    • Unsupervised learning, because response to the mailing has not been observed for anyone
    • Prediction, because the company only needs accurate guesses of the response from the predictors
    • Semi-supervised learning, because only some people in the list will actually respond
  2. 2. A real estate analyst asks: "How much extra is a house worth if it has a view of the river?" In ISLP's terms this is:

    • A prediction problem, since the answer is a dollar amount for a house's value
    • A classification problem, since river view is a qualitative yes-or-no predictor
    • An unsupervised problem, since no house is labelled with its river-view premium
    • An inference problem, since it asks about the association between one input and price
  3. 3. You only want to predict tomorrow's stock price as accurately as possible, and interpretability does not matter. What does ISLP say about simply using the most flexible model available?

    • It is always best here, since interpretability is the only reason to give up flexibility
    • It is not always best: a less flexible method often predicts better, because flexible methods can overfit
    • It is never appropriate, because flexible methods cannot produce numeric predictions
    • It is best only once the irreducible error has been removed by adding more predictors
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What Statistical Learning Is – Fill-in-the-blank
Fill in the Blank
  1. 1. When the goal is prediction, f is often treated as a ___: we do not care about its exact form as long as its predictions are accurate.

    Answer:black boxalso: blackbox, black-box

    Hint: Two words: something you cannot see inside

  2. 2. The irreducible error provides an ___ bound on the accuracy of our prediction for Y, and in practice that bound is almost always unknown.

    Answer:upper

    Hint: The opposite of lower

  3. 3. β0, β1, ..., βp in a linear model are most commonly estimated by (ordinary) ___.

    Answer:least squaresalso: least-squares, ordinary least squares, OLS

    Hint: Covered in Chapter 3

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